It does this by taking power from a power supply and increasing the output to match the (relatively low-power) input signal. This process invariably introduces some noise and distortion into the signal; and the process cannot be 100% efficient at increasing the gain without loss — amplifiers inherently will lose some energy in the form of heat. The ideal amplifier can be described as "a straight wire with gain," as the output would be identical to the input, just greater.
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